Commuting Hours

Perhaps the most significant step forward in the history of time measurement has been the introduction of the mechanical clock with wheels that are in XII century, began to set on the towers of churches. As the driving mechanism are used goods, fortified on a metal chain. When omitting goods chain uncoil and rotate the cylinder, coupled with the wheel and arrow. In the XIV century mechanical tower clock was used throughout, and in 1657 Dutchman Christian Huygens built the first pendulum clock.

Already in 1583 the great Italian physicist Galileo discovered that the full swing of the pendulum (front and back), always for the same time, ie pendulum perfectly sets the beat for hours. You can, for example, to make such a pendulum, a fluctuation which lasts exactly one second.

If a device will calculate the number of oscillations of the pendulum from the time he was running, you can see how many seconds have elapsed. Here is how to implement this idea? Almost all the pendulum clocks are designed as follows: in the clock mechanism, which you see on this page, cargo 1 through cable via 2 roller drive system for the wheels. This provides energy for the shipment of hours. The force in a few wheelsets is transmitted to the wheel brake 3. Cranking shall be clock mechanism slowed down by the interaction of the brake wheel 3 and the anchor 4 and the pendulum is governed by 5. The braking wheel will move forward only if the pendulum will lead anchor in a position where it releases the brake gear.

Simultaneously, the other end of the anchor is held in the space between the gear and thereby limit the movement of the brake wheel 3 at half the length of cloves. Now that the pendulum will make the reverse movement, denticle gear brake pressure on the anchor and through the rod 6 will transmit the force to the pendulum. The pendulum while gets a little extra energy, which compensates its available friction loss. This game is repeated each time the pendulum motion. Thus the braking wheel is moving in time with swing of the pendulum! A few shesterenok not connected with the minute gear 7.

Speeds intermediate shesterenok are designed to gear provorachivalas minute every hour, ie at large arrows, together with the minute gear. And finally, the gear 8, 9 and 10 serve to move a small arrow in the 12 times slower than the majority. Combination of the arrows 8, 9 and 10 is also called the Arrow tool. It can be said here that the described simple pendulum clocks are a measuring device to calculate the number of oscillations of the pendulum. For one second, the pendulum once kachnetsya back. This means that the full rotation of the arrows correspond to large fluctuations in 3600, in other words, when the pendulum swung again in 3600, it took 3600 seconds or 60 minutes.